Bach's Cantata No. 155 "Mein Gott, wie lang, ach lange" (My God, How Long, Oh, How Long) (BWV 155) was composed in Weimar for the Second Sunday after Epiphany, which fell on January 19, 1716. The cantata sets a text by Salomon Franck from 1715 based on the Gospel According to John 2:1-11 that tells of Christ's miracle at the wedding feast at Cana. Like most of the other Weimar cantatas. "Mein Gott, wie lang, ach lange" is scored for soprano, alto, tenor and bass soloists with chorus, plus a small orchestra of strings and basso continuo and a prominent bassoon part in the central movements. "Mein Gott, wie lang, ach lange" starts in D minor with its first movements in the tonic and its second movement in the minor dominant of A minor, but ends with its final three movements in D minor's relative major of F major. The first movement is a recitative for soprano accompanied by strings above a pulsing continuo. The second is a duet da capo aria in the form of a trio sonata for alto and tenor soloists and continuo with a highly difficult and deeply expressive solo bassoon. The third continues the bassoon's solo in a recitative for bass soloist and continuo. The fourth is an accompanied aria for soprano soloist, dotted lines in the strings, and a striding continuo that occasionally partakes in the strings' dotted rhythms. "Mein Gott, wie lang, ach lange" concludes with a harmonization of a chorale by Paul Speratus from 1523 for chorus with strings and continuo colla parte.

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